Pecking Order in Chicks
Every commercial poultry farmer, hobby farmer or urban backyard farmer who keep a few chickens is aware that a pecking order exists in every flock, but how can...
Aurantium amarae pericarpium Also called "Curaçau orange peel", these green-gray peels are one of the most popular specialty herbs on the market. They are used commercially by domestic brewers to duplicate the beer styles that put Belgium on the brewing map. While not very bitter, they are a key ingredient in Belgian style white beers.
Bitter Orange peel is thick, rough, and generally is green, yellow, or gray colors. The flesh of the orange is dry and very bitter. The peel, which is used in brewing beer is less bitter, has a mild orange flavor. Bitter orange gives beers a citrusy and herbal flavor and aroma. Bitter orange is generally added to boiling wort during the last 20 minutes of cooking. The amount varies by the style of beer being brewed from about grams per gallon to 5.5grams or about .3 OZ to 1 OZ of dried bitter orange peel. A Belgium Ale would use the low end of this range while a stronger holiday beer may use more. When brewing with malt extracts, the orange peel and other spices can be added to a muslin bag for easily removal before the wort is put into the primary fermenter. Orange peel often used in combination with coriander and cardamom in Belgium Witbier, or white beers. |
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Every commercial poultry farmer, hobby farmer or urban backyard farmer who keep a few chickens is aware that a pecking order exists in every flock, but how can...